Computer Science (CS) and Information Technology (IT) are closely related fields that deal with the use of computers and technology to solve problems and improve processes. While there is some overlap between the two, they each have distinct focuses and areas of study.

Biotechnology is an interdisciplinary field that involves the use of living organisms, biological systems, and technology to develop products and processes that improve human life, agriculture, environment, and industry. It integrates knowledge from biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, and computer science to manipulate biological systems for practical applications. Biotechnology has numerous subfields, including medical biotechnology, agricultural biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, and environmental biotechnology.

Chemical engineering is a versatile and dynamic field that combines principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, and economics to develop processes for the production, transformation, and proper use of chemicals, materials, and energy. Chemical engineers play a crucial role in designing, optimizing, and managing processes and equipment used in industries ranging from pharmaceuticals and energy to food and materials.

Biomedical engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies principles of engineering, biology, and medicine to develop technologies and solutions for healthcare and medical challenges. This field integrates knowledge from various engineering disciplines with biomedical sciences to improve the quality of healthcare and patient outcomes. Biomedical engineers work on a wide range of projects, including the design of medical devices, development of new medical imaging techniques, creation of prosthetics and implants, and advancement of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment. This includes infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, dams, airports, water supply systems, and buildings. Civil engineers are responsible for planning, designing, managing, and overseeing the construction and maintenance of these structures, ensuring they are safe, efficient, and sustainable.

Architectural engineering, also known as building engineering, is a discipline that combines aspects of architecture and engineering to focus on the design, construction, and operation of buildings. It encompasses the technical aspects of building design, including structural integrity, mechanical and electrical systems, lighting, acoustics, and energy efficiency. Architectural engineers work closely with architects to ensure that building designs are not only aesthetically pleasing but also functional, safe, and sustainable.